Dizzy Gillespie, whose real name was John Birks Gillespie, was a pioneering African American jazz trumpeter, composer, and bandleader. He was born on October 21, 1917, in Cheraw, South Carolina, and grew up in a musical family. Gillespie is credited with being one of the main figures in the development of bebop, a complex and innovative style of jazz that emerged in the 1940s.

Gillespie was known for his virtuosic trumpet playing, unique style characterized by his bulging cheeks, and innovative approach to jazz improvisation. He was also known for his charismatic personality and sense of humor, earning him the nickname "Dizzy."

Throughout his career, Gillespie collaborated with other jazz legends such as Charlie Parker, Thelonious Monk, and Max Roach. He also formed his own influential big bands, helping to popularize bebop and modern jazz styles.

In addition to his musical contributions, Gillespie was a prominent figure in the civil rights movement. He advocated for racial equality and social justice, using his platform as a musician to speak out against segregation and discrimination.

Dizzy Gillespie's impact on jazz music and African American culture is widely recognized, and he remains one of the most celebrated and influential musicians in the history of jazz.